网上科普有关“急需一篇关于汽车的英语文章”话题很是火热，小编也是针对急需一篇关于汽车的英语文章寻找了一些与之相关的一些信息进行分析，如果能碰巧解决你现在面临的问题，希望能够帮助到您。

The lighter drive 更轻便的驾驶理念

Electric cars made from carbon fibre will be safer and go farther

电瓶汽车+碳纤维材料=安全，耐用

They look safe in thereMARK WEBBER has a lot to thank tiny strands of carbon for. When his Formula 1 car cartwheeled in a spectacular 306kph (190mph) crash at the recent Valencia Grand Prix, what helped him to escape unscathed was the immensely strong carbon-fibre “tub” that racing drivers now sit in. Carbon fibre is an expensive alternative to making things in steel or aluminium, but besides being extremely strong it is also very light. It is found in high-performance parts, like aircraft wings, bits of supercars and the frames of pricey mountain bikes. But if work by Germany’s BMW proves successful, it could also become the material of choice to mass-produce electric cars.

6月，F1瓦伦西亚大奖赛发生了惊人一幕：以每小时306公里（190英里）行驶在赛道上的马克?6?1韦伯发生了严重的翻车事故。奇迹的是，韦伯本人毫发无 伤。奥妙之处就在于当下流行于F1的——碳纤维底座。虽然与铁，铝相比，它的造价较高，但是抗压及轻便性都远远好于铁和铝。目前，炭纤维材料还大多使用在 高精度领域，如飞机机翼，F1赛车，或是私人山地车等。不过这一传统观念可能会被宝马公司打破，一旦试验成功，那么碳纤维就可以率先广泛应用在电动汽车领 域。

The Bavarian carmaker plans to launch a new plug-in electric car in 2013. It will be one of the first designed from scratch to use an electric motor rather than being converted from an existing model. Reducing the weight of this four-seater car, known as the Megacity concept, will be crucial to improving its performance and range. So BMW is planning to use no steel at all. The Megacity will be built as two modules: an aluminium chassis will contain the electric drive-system and battery, and a body made almost entirely of carbon fibre will be fitted onto it.

德国汽车制造商正计划将在2013年推出一款电瓶可拆卸式环保车。这并不是从现有车型改装而来，而是设计师卧薪尝胆的一次全新尝试。更轻便的4人坐驾，完 全符合现代城市环保理念，这款“无铁”车型的设计，彰显出了它的与众不同与理念上的更新换代。但是这样一个设想目前还处在起步阶段，或许成功的那天，汽车 铝制底盘上充电驾驶装置与设备，及全身碳纤维的设计工艺，能够更好的诠释大城市的环保概念。

Carbon fibre is 30% lighter than aluminium and 50% lighter than steel. The fibres are extremely tear-resistant. When woven into a lattice structure and impregnated with resin they can produce a part that is stronger than steel. The trouble is the process is labour-intensive and slow, not least because components may have to be cured for hours under pressure in massive ovens called autoclaves. For carmakers, used to stamping out steel body-parts in a few seconds, this has ruled out carbon fibre for high-volume production. BMW, however, aims to change that.

碳纤维比铝轻便30%，是铁的50%。同时，由于纤维具有极强的抗断裂性，再融入树脂形成晶体结构后，那么它的强度就要超过铁。但是这道工序属于劳动密集 型，效率相对较低，以前车用铁制品的切割仅需要几秒钟时间就能完成，而现在则需要在高压炉内高温锻造几个小时，因此，大量生产碳纤维的可能性不高。不过， 宝马公司目前也正在试图改变这一情况。

Its production line starts with a so-called precursor: a fibre spun from a polymer. This is carbonised by heating it in multiple stages to leave individual carbon fibres just seven microns (0.007 millimetres) thick. Around 50,000 of these fibres are bundled together into a yarn which is then made into a fabric. This can be cut and handled like a textile. Strips of fabric are then overlaid to align their fibres in such a way to maximise their load-bearing characteristics as required—in effect tailoring components like a bespoke suit.

现在，宝马生产线守开先河，将聚合体加工成纤维状，这个碳化过程需要在高温下进行几道工序，最后产生的碳纤维厚度只有7微米（0.007毫米）。然后，大 概将5000根这样的纤维拧成一股就成了纤维织物，再将这样的纤维根据它的陌生能力将它切割成最合适的尺寸，实际上，这个步骤与量体裁衣有异曲同工之妙。

Along come the robots 自动机将助一臂之力

BMW uses molds, heat and pressure to produce contours in the fabric. Resin is then injected into the molds to bond the fibres together. How the resin flows through the fibres is crucial; it has to be done quickly and leave no area untreated before it starts to cure. A release agent in the resin migrates to the surface to prevent the component sticking in the mold. The whole process, which can be handled by robots, is completed in minutes.

然后，再利用模具与高温将纤维织物打造成型。首先，将树脂注入模具粘合纤维，这里有两个细节非常关键，一是动作要快不能拖泥带水，二是在没有粘合之前确保 模具内的树脂流向均匀。树脂中混有的隔离剂此时发挥功效，避免了纤维与模具发生粘连。整道工序，在自动仪器的协助下，仅需几分钟便可完成。

The resulting carbon-fibre parts are bonded together to construct the body of the car. Besides their lightness, BMW’s experimental vehicles have exceeded expectations in crash tests, says the company. During front- and rear-impact-tests the aluminium chassis crumples to absorb energy, but leaves the rigid carbon-fibre passenger compartment intact. Even extreme side-impacts protected the crash dummies and the battery (automatically switched off when the airbags trigger). In many cases crash damage is reparable by cutting out broken sections of carbon fibre and bonding in new ones.

此时的碳纤维就可以应用于汽车制造。宝马公司声称：除了超轻便的特性之外，碳纤维的抗挤压能力也令人惊叹。在对车头车尾抗冲击测试中发现，一方面是铝制底 盘受到挤压而变形，缓冲了部分能量，而坚硬的碳纤维能够保证车身安然无恙。即使是侧面来的强力冲击，也能够有效保护车厢内假人模型及电瓶毫发无伤（当然， 气囊装置启动电瓶能够自动断电）。即便是车身有所受损，也不用担心，切割掉受损部分再粘合上新部件，完全可以让车体恢复原状。

At some point, however, carbon-fibre cars will be scrapped. Steel and aluminium is easy to recycle, but carbon fibre is tricky. Carmakers are working with aerospace firms on ways to do it. BMW has pioneered a process to reuse offcuts by breaking them up with heat to turn them back into raw material. This can be used to make composites with about half the strength of new carbon fibre.

铝的回收再利用技术已经非常成熟，但是从某角度来说，碳纤维这方面的技术还有待研究。目前，制造商正和宇宙空间机构合作，试图填补这一空白。眼下，处理碳 纤维“边脚料”最先进的方法还是来自宝马公司，他们通过高温分解，能够使之退回成未加工状态。通过此种方法生产出的复合材料也具有碳纤维一半的硬度。

Another advantage of a carbon-fibre body is that it will not corrode. So, apart from the battery wearing out in ten years or so, electric cars could last for decades (electric motors need little servicing). This will make it even harder for car designers to persuade those driving electrically to trade in their rustless, tough-as-old-boots vehicles for a new model.

碳纤维的另一优势在于不易腐蚀，如果不考虑电瓶10年左右的使用寿命，这种碳纤维电瓶汽车可以使用长达几十年（当然马达还是需要检修的）。与结实耐穿的靴 子让人不忍丢弃一样，当设计理念再有突飞猛进的发展时，如何让使用者放弃碳纤维电瓶汽车，设计者可要好好动一番脑筋喽。

英文附带汉语拼音，希望对你有所帮助。

Diesel vehicles

Diesel vehicles may be making a comeback. Diesel engines are more powerful and fuel-efficient than similar-sized gasoline engines (about 30-35% more fuel efficient). Plus, today's diesel vehicles are much improved over diesels of the past.

柴油车柴油车可能正在东山再起. 柴油引擎更强大,更省油,比同样大小的汽油发动机(约30-35%的燃油效率) . 再加上,今天的柴油车,大大改善了柴油机的过去.

Better Performance

Improved fuel injection and electronic engine control technologies have

Increased power

Improved acceleration

Increased efficiency

New engine designs, along with noise- and vibration-damping technologies, have made them quieter and smoother. Cold-weather starting has been improved also.

表现较好的改善燃料喷射和发动机电子控制技术的进步已增加力量加快改善效率,增加新的引擎设计, 随着噪声及减振技术,取得了他们的宁静和畅顺. 寒冷天气开始有所改善也.

Cleaner

Today's diesels must meet the same emissions standards as gasoline vehicles, and advances in engine technologies, ultra-low sulfur diesel fuel, and improved exhaust treatment have made this possible.

Although emissions of particulates and smog-forming nitrogen oxides (NOx) are still relatively high, new "clean" diesel fuels, such as ultra-low sulfur diesel and biodiesel, and advances in emission control technologies will reduce these pollutants also.

今天清洁的柴油,必须符合相同的排放标准,汽油车,先进的引擎技术, 超低硫柴油,并改进尾气处理有这个可能. 虽然排放的悬浮粒子和烟雾形成的氮氧化物( NOX )仍比较高,新的"干净"的柴油燃料相比, 如超低含硫量柴油,生物柴油和垫款在排放控制技术,可减少这些污染物也.

Hybrid-electric vehicles;

Hybrid-electric vehicles (HEVs) combine the benefits of gasoline engines and electric motors and can be configured to obtain different objectives, such as improved fuel economy, increased power, or additional auxiliary power for electronic devices and power tools.

Some of the advanced technologies typically used by hybrids include混合电动车; 混合动力电动汽车(的HEV )结合的好处,汽油发动机和电动马达,可以通过配置来获取不同的目标,这种 作为提高燃油经济性,提高动力,或额外的辅助电源的电子设备和电动工具. 一些先进的技术,通常用杂交种包括:

Regenerative Braking. The electric motor applies resistance to the drivetrain causing the wheels to slow down. In return, the energy from the wheels turns the motor, which functions as a generator, converting energy normally wasted during coasting and braking into electricity, which is stored in a battery until needed by the electric motor. 再生制动. 电动机电阻适用于传动造成车轮放慢了. 作为回报,能量从车轮转动马达,它的功能是一台发电机, 能源转换通常浪费在滑行和刹车成电力, 这是储存在电池直到所需的电机.

Electric Motor Drive/Assist. The electric motor provides additional power to assist the engine in accelerating, passing, or hill climbing. This allows a smaller, more efficient engine to be used. In some vehicles, the motor alone provides power for low-speed driving conditions where internal combustion engines are least efficient.

电机驱动/协助. 电动机提供额外的权力,以协助发动机在加速,超越,或爬山. 这使得规模较小,更加高效的引擎可以使用. 在一些车辆,电动机单独提供电源低速驾驶的情况下,内燃机是最有效的.

Automatic Start/Shutoff. Automatically shuts off the engine when the vehicle comes to a stop and restarts it when the accelerator is pressed. This prevents wasted energy from idling.

自动启动/关机. 自动拒之门外引擎当汽车来停止并重新启动它时,油门被按下. 这样可避免浪费能源,从空转.

Flexible fuel vehicles (FFVs)

Flexible fuel vehicles (FFVs) are designed to run on gasoline or a blend of up to 85% ethanol (E85). Except for a few engine and fuel system modifications, they are identical to gasoline-only models.

FFVs have been produced since the 1980s, and dozens of models are currently available. Since FFVs look just like gasoline-only models, you may have an FFV and not even know it. To determine if your vehicle is an FFV, check the inside of your car's fuel filler door for an identification sticker or consult your owner’s manual.

灵活燃料汽车(FFVs)灵活燃料汽车(FFVs) ,设计运行于汽油或混合最多 85%乙醇( e85 ) . 除了少数的发动机和燃油系统的改装,它们是相同的汽油只有模型. 灵活燃料汽车已累计生产80年代以来,几十种型号,目前可用. 自灵活燃料汽车很像汽油唯一模式,你可以有一个新鲜水果和蔬菜,甚至不知道它. 确定如果你的汽车是一个新鲜水果和蔬菜, 检查内你的车子的加油口门上一贴,鉴定或请教你的车主手册.

FFVs experience no loss in performance when operating on E85. However, since a gallon of ethanol contains less energy than a gallon of gasoline, FFVs typically get about 20-30% fewer miles per gallon when fueled with E85.

灵活燃料汽车的经验,没有任何财物损失,在性能上经营e85 . 然而,由于一加仑乙醇含有更少的能源比一加仑汽油, 外国船队通常有约20-30%少英里每加仑,当燃用e85 .

Electric vehicles (EVs)

Electric vehicles (EVs) are propelled by an electric motor (or motors) powered by rechargeable battery packs. Electric motors have several advantages over internal combustion engines (ICEs): 电动车(电动车)电动车(电动车) ,发动机由电动机(或马达)提供动力的电池包. 电动马达拥有几项优势内燃机(考) :

Energy efficient. Electric motors convert 75% of the chemical energy from the batteries to power the wheels—internal combustion engines (ICEs) only convert 20% of the energy stored in gasoline.

Environmentally friendly. EVs emit no tailpipe pollutants, although the power plant producing the electricity may emit them. Electricity from nuclear-, hydro-, solar-, or wind-powered plants causes no air pollutants. 能源效率. 电动马达,将75%的化学能量从电池为电源的车轮-内燃机(考) ,只有转换 20%的能源储存汽油. 环保. 电动车不会排放废气污染物,虽然电厂生产的电力,排出的可能. 电力来自核,水能,太阳能,风能发电厂没有造成空气中的污染物.

Reduce energy dependence. Electricity is a domestic energy source.

Performance benefits. Electric motors provide quiet, smooth operation and stronger acceleration and require less maintenance than ICEs.

The Down Side: Batteries

减少对能源的依赖. 电力是国内的能源来源. 性能优点. 电动马达提供安静,平稳操作和强大的加速度,需要的维修较少,比考. 弊:电池

EVs face significant battery-related challenges:

Driving range. Most EVs can only go 150 miles (or less) before recharging—gasoline vehicles can go over 300 miles before refueling.

Recharge time. Fully recharging the battery pack can take 4 to 8 hours.

Battery cost: The large battery packs are expensive and usually must be replaced one or more times.

Bulk & weight: Battery packs are heavy and take up considerable vehicle space.

Researchers are working on improved battery technologies to increase driving range and decrease recharging time, replacement frequency, weight, and cost. These factors will ultimately determine the future of EVs. 电动车面临着电池相关的挑战:练习场. 大部分电动车只能走150英里(或更少) ,然后充电汽油车辆可走300英里,然后加油. 充电时间. 完全充电的电池包可以采取4至8小时. 电池成本:大型电池盒十分昂贵,通常必须更换1次或更多次. 体积及重量:电池包重,并采取了相当多的车辆空间. 研究人员正在改进电池技术,以增加练习场和减少充电时间,更换频率,重量和成本. 这些因素最终决定自己前途的电动车.

关于“急需一篇关于汽车的英语文章”这个话题的介绍，今天小编就给大家分享完了，如果对你有所帮助请保持对本站的关注！